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At present, the use of groundwater, ice, heating by electric heating tubes, and increasing the volume of nutrient solution tanks are used to control the temperature of the nutrient solution. In the summer, the use of groundwater cooling can effectively control the temperature of the nutrient solution, but it is a serious waste of groundwater and is constrained by geographical and environmental factors. The method of adding ice is not easy to achieve the control of the nutrient solution temperature, and it is also easy to cause damage to the surrounding environment. Pollution. In winter, heating by electric heating tube can meet the requirement of plant growth. However, after heating for a period of time, scaling of Cat+ and Mgt+ ions on the heating rod surface will inevitably cause changes in the composition of the nutrient solution. It is of practical significance to study an energy-saving and highly effective nutrient solution temperature control system.
The basic components of a thermoelectric cooler are thermocouple pairs formed by connecting P-type and N-type semiconductor elements. As shown in FIG. 1, when a current is passed through the pair of thermocouples, electrons and holes respectively flow from the metal sheet 3 into the N and P type semiconductors, and the amount of heat absorbed when generating an electron-hole pair is greater than that generated when passing through the metal sheet 3. The temperature at which the metal piece 3 is joined to the P and N type semiconductors is lowered, the electrically insulating layer 1 becomes a cold end, and the object 2 is cooled. When electrons and holes flow from the N and P-type semiconductors into the metal sheet 5, the heat released by the combination of electrons and holes is greater than the amount of heat taken away, and the temperature at the junction between the metal sheet 5 and the P,N-type semiconductors is increased. The insulating layer 6 becomes a hot end and the object 8 is heated. So the thermocouple absorbs the heat of the surrounding medium on the cold side to achieve refrigeration; it dissipates heat at the hot end and heats the objects it comes into contact with. The direction of the current changes, and the cold and hot ends are interchanged. In actual use, usually several or hundreds of thermocouple pairs are connected together and processed into a sheet, which is called a thermoelectric cooler or a thermoelectric cooling sheet.
The thermoelectric refrigeration temperature control system was developed to achieve a reasonable control of the temperature of the nutrient solution and meet the requirements of the nutrient solution temperature in the rhizosphere of tomato soilless culture. The system does not pollute the environment, is easy to use, can achieve the purpose of cooling and heating, and can design different temperature control systems according to different needs.
Electric refrigeration technology successfully applied in agricultural production
Thermoelectric refrigeration technology has been widely used in medical, aerospace, submarine, shipbuilding, home appliances and other fields, but its application in agricultural bio-environmental control is very few. Recently, a set of thermoelectric refrigeration temperature control system for the problem of the temperature control of the special culture solution of tomato tree special cultivation was successfully developed to solve the problem of summer cooling and winter heating of the nutrient solution in plant cultivation.