Technical Features of Ground Process in Yaha Condensate Gas Field

Key words condensate gas field high pressure gas injection condensate gas condensate back collection and transportation treatment process design The tooth condensate gas field is the most developed high-yield condensate gas field with the highest onshore reserves and the highest pressure in the country. It is also the first to adopt the cycle. Injecting gas maintains the formation of condensate gas field in the formation pressure.

The condensate gas confined gas field in the Yaha condensate gas field is determined, and the condensate gas and condensate oil are concentratedly treated at the centralized treatment station, and the natural gas is compressed and reinjected, and the products such as liquefied gas and condensate are piped to the railway station. The overall process flow of the truck. The overall layout of the process facilities is that the external valve block, wellhead facilities and railway loading stations are located at the centralized processing station, and all other process facilities are arranged in the centralized processing station.

High-pressure gas injection technology 1 The 8-injection well of the YH2-3 block is distributed in a strip shape. The ground process uses a centralized station. The gas injection compressor unit is centrally arranged in a corner of the centralized treatment station, about 0.2km away from the main unit of the centralized treatment station; the natural gas reinjected is supplied by the centralized treatment station, and the natural gas after the simple treatment is pressurized to 52 MPa by the compressor at the gas injection station. After being distributed and metered by the valve group, the gas injection pipe network of the well station is injected back to each gas injection well. The maximum gas injection radius is 7.5km, and the total length of the gas injection pipeline is 26.6km.

Because the centralized distribution station is far away from some gas injection wells, the high-pressure pipeline is too long, but it has low investment compared with the distributed distribution station. The public works can rely on the centralized treatment station, and it is not necessary to build it separately; the gas injection volume of each gas injection well can be uniformly adjusted. It is flexible and flexible, and will not affect the gas injection due to the failure of some wells or compressors, resulting in a large amount of shut-off or natural gas venting; it can adapt to the adjustment and change of gas injection volume of each gas injection well during gas injection; the compressor model is the same, easy Maintenance management, saving investment and other advantages.

2 Pipe network laying The high-pressure gas injection pipeline of the Yaha condensate gas field was laid by the radioactive pipe network to each gas injection well, and 8 gas injection pipelines were built from the gas injection station to the 8 gas injection wells. Compared with the tree-like pipe network, the radial pipe network has an investment of about 6.7 million yuan. However, after the end of the cycle gas injection period, when the gas injection well is converted into a production well, it is not necessary to build a pipeline network. In addition, the gas injection metering can be set in the centralized processing station for easy management.

3 Determination of exhaust pressure, displacement and number of units The determination of unit exhaust pressure and displacement is not only a technical issue, but also an economic issue. It is worth mentioning that the determination of the discharge pressure, displacement and number of the gas injection compressor should not only consider investment and safety factors, but must also take into account the existing product range of the compressor cylinder and optimize it in combination with process parameters. The exhaust pressure, displacement and number of the Yaha gas injection compressor unit are optimized by various factors such as multiple schemes, multiple combinations, comprehensive reliability and investment. The final result is that the geological scheme requires the wellhead injection pressure to be 50 MPa, and the determined compressor group discharge pressure is 52.0 MPa, and the safety valve constant pressure is 56.0 MPa, which is just the highest allowable for COOPER company's use of large displacement high pressure cylinders. Work pressure. Exhaust pressure, displacement and platform red * Guo Yeyu Song Qingping Liaoning Liaohe Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd. Designed oil planning and design The second benefit of the reasonable selection in September 2003 is that the unit can be adjusted at different speeds. Features to meet the gas injection requirements. If the selected unit has a single displacement of 45.2×10/d, the six units operate in parallel without backup. When one unit is out of service, adjust the speed of the other 5 units to run at high speed. The total displacement is /d, which meets the requirements of total displacement. When the unit is fully operated, the unit is at low speed. Operation, the total displacement of 6 units is /d. This avoids the need to set up a spare unit, which not only ensures the smooth and safe operation of the unit, but also greatly reduces the investment.

4 Pipeline safety configuration In the ground process of the tooth condensate gas field, the safety analysis of the gas injection compressor unit and system was carried out for the first time using the gas flow pulsation and pipeline vibration analysis method, and measures were taken according to the research results.

The tooth injection site has the characteristics of high pressure, large displacement and multiple units running in parallel. The inherent pulsation of the unit makes the vibration of the unit and system particularly important. Mainly in two aspects to take measures to reduce the vibration of the unit and the system, first of all to limit the vibration of the unit itself, by setting up a number of facilities in the unit to reduce the flow pulsation of the orifice and changing the size of the cylinder inlet and outlet buffer tank structure, etc. Limit the pulsation value of the unit; secondly, design a suitable piping system so that its natural frequency avoids the excitation frequency of the startup group and produces minimum displacement and amplitude. By changing the course of the process pipeline, adjusting the set point of the bracket and strengthening the steel of the bracket to limit the displacement of the specified point on the pipeline to meet the displacement requirements of API618. Through vibration analysis and actual production operation, it is proved that the equipment introduction and installation design is successful, the equipment runs smoothly, and fully meets the installation and vibration requirements. The elbow curvature radius of the gas injection pipeline is all 10 times the outer diameter of the pipe, and the pipe fittings such as tee and size are forged and imported from abroad, ensuring the safe operation of the gas injection system.

The YH2-3 block of the condensate gas collection tooth condensate gas field is characterized by high single well production, high wellhead pressure, high oil-gas ratio and low wellhead temperature. It has both oilfield characteristics and gas field characteristics. Ground condensate has the characteristics of low density, low viscosity, low sulfur content, high wax content and high freezing point. The properties of well flow in the tooth condensate gas field are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Yaha condensate gas field well property properties numerical remarks single well production 10 wellhead pre-throttle temperature °C wellhead pre-throttle pressure MPa horizontal well pre-throttle temperature °C well flow throttling temperature °C condensate oil Temperature °C gas hydrate formation temperature °C The key to condensate gas gathering and transportation technology is the station mode and gathering process.

For the tooth ha, the choice of the station mode and the gathering process must adapt to the characteristics of the condensate and the characteristics of the natural gas. Under the influence of unfavorable factors such as low temperature at the wellhead, high temperature of condensate oil and high temperature of hydrate formation, we break the routine, and the condensate gas gathering and transportation adopts the first-level half-disc station mode and high pressure 12~ The 18 MPa normal temperature gathering process was successful.

1 The station mode is based on the characteristics of the tooth-haul field, and the unique first-level half-cloth station of the tooth condensate gas field is adopted. A centralized processing station is arranged in the middle of the YH2-3 block. After the throttling on the west side of the centralized processing station, the logistics of each well can be directly entered into the valve group located in the station; and the direct pit stop after throttling The logistics of difficult wells adopts a method of setting the valve group outside the station to increase the liquid volume and secondary throttling in the centralized treatment station; the horizontal well logistics with large liquid volume and high temperature directly enters the station; the most marginal well Set up heating facilities. The maximum gathering radius of the station is 7.7km, which breaks through the conventional practice of a single well gathering radius of no more than 5km.

The concentration of the condensate gas in the 2 sets of conveying process is 12.0～18.0MPa, and the single-tube and normal-temperature non-heating gathering process is adopted. The determination of this process has certain risks. First, the gas hydrate formation temperature is high. As can be seen from Table 1, the hydrate formation temperature was 24.2 ° C at 30 MPa, and 19.7 ° C at 12 MPa; the second was high condensate oil precipitation temperature. The temperature of the condensate oil is 16 ° C and the highest is 22 ° C. That is to say, regardless of whether the wellhead is throttled or not, the well stream temperature in some wellhead gathering lines is always lower than the hydrate formation temperature or the condensate waxing temperature during the gathering and transportation process. According to the conventional design, the wellhead heating gathering process is adopted. In our design, we break the routine and use the single-tube normal temperature gathering process. The design uses a dosing pump in the centralized processing station to inject ethylene glycol at the wellhead to reduce the hydrate formation temperature and inhibit the formation of hydrate. The pigging is provided with a pigging facility to regularly clean the wax in the pipe to solve the problem of condensate waxing. Figure 1 shows the process of tooth condensate gas gathering and transportation.

Heating, throttling production, manifold, throttling, production, manifold, throttling, throttling, to the inbound valve group, to the inbound valve group, the wellhead, the furnace, the outside of the gas collection valve station, the gas collection valve, the well flow, a total of 7 wells Figure 1 Yaha condensate gas gathering and transportation process gas collection pipeline to the inbound valve group well logistics a total of 5 condensate gas treatment process technology 1 condensate gas pressure level condensate gas pressure level system refers to condensate gas gathering pressure, Condensate gas inlet pressure, inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor. The determination of the pressure level system is one of the primary tasks in the design of the ground process of the entire condensate gas field. After the tooth condensate collection pressure of 12 to 18 MPa, the inlet pressure is 12 MPa, and the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor is 7.0 MPa. The pressure level system is determined by considering 3 points: first, the reliability of production. If the determined compressor inlet pressure causes the condensate gas to throttle and cool away from the critical zone, and the compressor is 7MPa, the low-pressure cylinder has clearance adjustment, which can adjust the displacement of the compressor within a certain range, 12 MPa intake, no compressor Gap adjustment, such as simple oil and gas separation, it is difficult to ensure that the gas does not carry liquid and hydrate formation, and the possibility of damage to the equipment; Second, the comprehensive product yield, energy consumption, operating costs and one-time investment and other factors The third is that the inlet pressure of the gas injection compressor is 7.0 MPa, which is consistent with the natural gas external pressure during the transition to the exhaustion stage, and has strong adaptability to the depletion of the middle and late stages.

2 The condensate gas treatment process has higher pressure energy according to the tooth condensate gas field, and does not require light hydrocarbon yield. The treatment of the condensate gas only meets the requirements of gas injection requirements. The condensate gas treatment adopts high-pressure alcohol injection and J-T valve throttling refrigeration technology to purify natural gas, which not only recovers light hydrocarbons, but also meets the requirements for gas injection media. This use of natural gas pressure to expand and recover light hydrocarbons is the simplest refrigeration process and the most energy-efficient process. Figure 2 shows the cooling process of the condensate gas J-T valve.

The pressure of the condensate gas can be used for throttling and cooling, and the refrigeration temperature reaches -33 ° C, which acts as a shallow cold gas treatment; not only removes moisture, but also makes the C heavy component content in the gas reach 0.1%. The quality of natural gas in the injection gas compressor is reliably guaranteed, without liquid and hydrate formation, which is conducive to the operation and longevity of the compressor. In order to slow down the hydrate formation trend of natural gas during refrigeration throttling, a targeted injection of ethylene glycol is used to lower the hydrate formation temperature. The ethylene glycol rich liquid separated by the separators at each stage is recycled.

The simplest treatment process of high pressure alcohol injection and J-T valve throttling refrigeration simplifies the process and equipment, avoids many equipment problems in large high pressure expansion refrigeration and high pressure molecular sieve dehydration process, and greatly saves engineering investment and operation. cost. This alone saved about $13.4 million in engineering investment.

Condensate stabilization technology 1 The tooth condensate gas field uses a multi-stage flashing and stripping condensate stabilization process. The multi-stage flash stabilization process is mostly used in high-pressure oil fields. It is a process to make full use of formation energy for stabilization. . Aiming at the characteristics of high light component and high collecting pressure in the tooth condensate, a multi-stage flashing process and a stable distillation process are adopted. The condensate is flashed out of the natural gas at a pressure of 7.2MPa, 2.5MPa and 0.65MPa, and the low-pressure saturated gas is fractionated in a stable tower of 0.14MPa micro-positive pressure to stabilize the qualified condensate. . The flash vapors of the flash tanks and the stable tops of each stage enter the inlet of the gas injection compressor, the inlet of the medium pressure gas compressor, and the primary and secondary inlets of the stabilized gas compressor for compression utilization. The micro-positive pressure stripping stability and the negative pressure flashing stability have the following characteristics: 1 significant benefit. The operating cost of stripping micro-positive pressure distillation is 475,200 yuan/a higher than that of negative pressure, but the investment is 7.621 million yuan lower than the negative pressure. The output value is 552 million yuan higher than the negative pressure.

2 compressor operation reliability. The rectification stabilizes the compressor with two-stage compression, and the compression cylinder parameters have no external interference. The negative pressure flash stabilized gas compressor is four-stage compression, the intake air amount of each stage is different, and each stage of intake air comes from all levels of flash separator, and its production fluctuation will affect the smooth operation of the compressor. . Moreover, the stripping and stabilizing compressor has greater adaptability and flexibility for the change of stable gas volume caused by the change of condensate production in the middle and late stages. Figure 3 is a steady flow of condensate multistage flash stripping.

Turn down page 48 condensate gas secondary separator gas condensate flash tank liquid recovery cold liquid to deethanizer tower to condensate level flash tank liquid condensate gas primary separator for cold gas well flow Figure 2 condensate gas J-T valve refrigeration process gas to gas injection system to the station fuel gas system condensate first-stage flash tank liquid condensate two-stage flash tank liquid condensate three-stage flash tank liquid condensation Oil-stabilizing tower liquid oil external condensate gas separator to liquid-phase gas heat exchanger medium-pressure compressor stabilized gas compressor to gas injection compressor gas Figure 3 condensate multi-stage flash distillation and distillation stability process West Gas East The pipeline project uses the online water dew point analyzer to analyze the water content in the natural gas, calculate the water dew point value under the operating pressure, and send the signal to the SCS and upload it to the dispatch control center for display and alarm.

The West-East Gas Pipeline Project uses an online HS analyzer to analyze and calculate the HS content in natural gas, and transmits the signal to the SCS and uploads it to the dispatch control center for display and alarm.

3 Metering and Calibration Center The flow meter calibration work of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project is very important. According to Article 9 of the "Measures Law of the People's Republic of China": the highest measurement standard equipment used by departments and enterprises and institutions, and the work measurement instruments used for trade settlement, shall be subject to compulsory verification. Therefore, the flow meter for trade settlement and internal flow metering of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project should be periodically checked to ensure its accuracy and normal use.

At present, there are two cities in China that have the ability to perform natural gas off-line calibration: Chengdu Huayang Natural Gas Flow Substation and Chongqing Metrology and Testing Institute.

Other testing facilities, including the standard equipment of the Daqing Institute of Metrology and Measurement, are all online mobile standard devices. The Chengdu sub-station can calibrate the medium and low pressure and small flow gas flowmeters, but it can not meet the needs of the West-East Gas Transmission Project. In view of the current domestic natural gas flowmeter calibration mechanism flowmeter station, there is no calibration capability for the large-diameter, high-pressure and large-flow flowmeter of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project. For this reason, it is proposed to build a metrology test center in Nanjing. The metering center will also have a laboratory to test the pressure, temperature, gas composition, hydrogen sulfide, and water dew point used in the West-East Gas Pipeline Project. The main functions of the metering center are as follows: calibration of flow meters for trade settlement and measurement, and testing and calibration of pressure, temperature and composition; second, flow meter for social high pressure, large diameter and large flow The flow calibration service; the third is to carry out research on natural gas measurement and testing technology.

The metrology test center is mainly for the trade handover and inspection flow meter service in the West-East Gas Pipeline Project. Due to the strong calibration ability of the proposed test center, its technical performance indicators such as flow range and pressure level are better than the current domestic level and have reached the international level. This can not only meet the needs of high-pressure, high-flow natural gas flow meter calibration, but also facilitate the basic research work of natural gas flow measurement technology, improve the national level of high-pressure, high-flow natural gas flow measurement technology, and fill the country in the country. The blank of the actual gas calibration technology for pipe diameter, high pressure and large flow.

Editor: Guo Jiemin is connected to page 12. 2 Rotating equipment is less, reducing energy consumption. The condensing gas field works on the ground, except for the necessary compressors and pumps, there are no large refrigeration compressor units, expanders and large-scale high-pressure dehydration equipment. This is very rare in similar devices in China. The main line of the pressure energy of the medium itself is always used throughout the design process. The reduction of large rotating equipment not only improves the reliability of the system, but also reduces investment, reduces energy consumption, and reduces operating costs and personnel investment. The comparison of energy consumption indicators is shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Energy consumption index comparison 牙哈condensate gas field domestic advanced level international level condensate gas gas collection energy consumption MJ/10 condensate gas treatment energy consumption MJ/10 unit gas collection treatment total energy consumption MJ/m tooth condensate gas field The project mainly reduces energy consumption from five aspects and improves efficiency: First, it realizes condensate gas high pressure single tube without heating at normal temperature gathering, cancels wellhead heating furnace, and creates conditions for making full use of medium pressure energy; second, it is reasonable to determine Operating parameters, such as compressor inlet pressure, reduce the compressor power consumption of natural gas reinjection; third, the condensate is stabilized by multi-stage flashing, micro-positive pressure fractionation process, energy is stepped and maximized; fourth is low temperature Reasonable use of cooling cascades, processing depth is just right; fifth is the selection of high-efficiency energy-saving equipment, such as high-efficiency degreasers, efficient heat exchangers.

Editor: Ma Sanjia

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