Diffusion welding of copper to aluminum has been carried out in vacuum. The microstructure of the bonding zone was examined in detail with several metallographic methods to make clear the important factors which affect the mechanical properties of the joint. Results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) An intermetallic compound layer was observed which could be devided into characteristic region I, II, and III. The intermetallic compounds of θ and γ2 formed in I and III region, respectively. The hardness of II region is the highest of the regions. 2) The growth of the intermetallic compound layer is considered to be controlled by the atomic diffusion and the increase in the intimate contact area between the faying surfaces. The diffusion process became more important with the increase in welding temperature and time. 3) At shorter welding time, the tensile strength of joints increased with the rise of welding temperature, time, and pressure. This stage is considered to be a process where the intimate contact between the faying surfaces was developed. 4) At longer welding time, the tensile strength of joints approached to a saturated value (2.3 kg/mm2) much lower than that of aluminum base metal. This tendency was observed for the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer greater than 15~20 μm. In this case, fracture was developed in the intermetallic compound layer, but not at the welding interface. The strength of these joints is considered to be controlled by the intermetallic compound layer. 5) Oxide film of aluminum delayed the real metallic contact between the faying surfaces at shorter welding time. Copper Aluminum Diffusion Welding Portable Welding Machine,Copper Aluminum Diffusion Welding,Copper Aluminum Diffusion Welding Machine,Aluminum Diffusion Welding Machine Shuangxing Mechanical Equipment Co.,Ltd , https://www.gyshuangxing.com
In the early stages of use, we had no experience and no information was available for reference. We will use it to imitate the burning of coal gas and the burning of heavy oil furnaces.
In the gas-fired kiln, the natural gas is piped directly to the small furnace for combustion. We feel that this kind of flame is soft, long and powerless, and that there is no momentum in natural gas in the small furnace. It takes only 1 to 2 days. Time accumulated a large amount of carbon black on the floor of the small furnace (especially the longitudinal flame kiln), and the accumulation of a large amount of carbon black changed the flow of the flame and directly affected the melting effect. Therefore, carbon black should be removed every 1 to 2 days. The removal of carbon black is a very laborious task. It is necessary to remove the carbon black attached to the bottom of the furnace by using iron tweezers. Over time, it affects the temperature of the furnace. A large amount of carbon residue is not burned in the furnace to release heat. As a result, a large amount of fuel was wasted. In this case, we burned the gun in the vicinity of the fire exit in accordance with the furnace for burning heavy oil. In use, we have felt that the brightness of the flame is not enough, and the flame is long and the flame coverage is high. Narrower. What is the difference between natural gas and gas, natural gas and heavy oil? In order to make good use of natural gas, we have to find differences from their internal structures, because the physical properties of any material are different because of their different chemical structures.
Chemical structure and combustion characteristics of natural gas The external properties of any substance are determined by the internal molecular structure, such as graphite and diamond. Its chemical composition is C, a homogeneous and multi-directional variant of carbon. The molecular structure of graphite is The hexagonal system is a typical layered structure. Because the spacing of carbon atoms in the layer is small (1.42 Ã…), the distance between the carbon atoms in the interlayer (3.42 Ã…) is much larger than that in the layer, and the interatomic force is weak. Therefore, graphite is fractured. And compressibility, the crystal is hexagonal plate or plate, usually a scaly, block or earthy combination with a hardness of 1, while the diamond crystal structure is basically similar to the vertical face lattice, each carbon atom is surrounded by Surrounded by four carbon atoms, the distance between the carbon atoms is equal, and they are covalently bonded, so their strength is very high. The hardness is 10 [1]. From the above, we can see that the chemical composition is the same, the structure is different, and there are great differences in appearance properties. Therefore, to use natural gas, we must have a clear understanding of the internal structure of natural gas. Natural gas refers to combustible gases that are stored and accumulated in geological structures under different geological conditions through biochemical and geological metamorphism. They are stored under different pressures and are usually classified into oilfield associated gas and gas fields according to different formation conditions. Condensate gas field gas. Natural gas is a mixed gas, and its composition varies with gas fields and gas production layers. The main component of gas field gas is CH4 (methane), which can reach 95% to 98%. There are fewer hydrocarbons above C2H6 (ethane), and a small amount of H2S, CO2, N2, H2O, and He, Ar, etc. The hydrocarbon component has a density of 0.5 to 0.7 Kg/Nm3. Oil field associated gas is mainly produced near the oil field and is a companion of petroleum. It is characterized by the fact that it contains a large amount of CH4 (75% to 87% of methane content). The content of hydrocarbons above and above C2H6 is about 10%, the concentration of CO2 is about 5% to 10% and its density is between 0.6 and 0.8Kg/Nm3. The condensate gas field contains more hydrocarbons than C5H12 and contains higher amounts of hydrocarbons. Gasoline and kerosene components.
Knowing the use of natural gas in energy-saving kilns and the chemical structure of natural gas, how do you measure the flow of natural gas used in kilns? In most cases, it is possible to use imported glass rotameters for measurement. The model number is G10-15/25. This glass rotameter has a threaded connection and the thread size is 1/2 inch or 1 inch pipe thread, in the kiln equipment Easy to install. The rotameter is calibrated according to the thermal density of the weather. The measurement accuracy is high, the structure is simple and lightweight, the strength is high and the pressure and temperature are high, and the calibration tube is not easily damaged. It is a good choice for kiln equipment to measure natural gas.
As a well-known flowmeter manufacturer in China, Changzhou Liangbang Instrumentation strictly inspects the flowmeter products manufactured by the factory, ensures the quality of the flowmeter products, introduces advanced technologies, and develops new technologies to ensure the long-term stability and continuous improvement of the quality of instrument flowmeters in Liangbang. To provide users with the best flow meter. Users are welcome to consult.
The glass rotor flowmeter is the core product of Changzhou Liangbang, but for the glass rotor flowmeter, the glass tube, float and regulating valve are the core. Changzhou Liangbang Instrument Co., Ltd. forms all the core zeros from the glass tube blank to the product. All parts are manufactured and manufactured by ourselves, so that the quality of the product is guaranteed; in addition, the accuracy of the general glass rotor flowmeter is 2.5, 4.0, and 6.0 in terms of the accuracy of the product. Changzhou Liangbang can customize 1.5-level flow for customers. In addition, the quality and processing technology of some products have reached or exceeded foreign similar products.
The use of natural gas in energy-saving kilns and which type of flow meter to use for measurement
In the production process, natural gas-fired energy-saving kilns have been widely used. Most companies use natural gas as a fuel for glass kilns when they use kilns.