The relationship between the wind and the plant can not be torn before

The relationship between the wind and the plant can not be torn before

The role of the wind is not only directly affecting the plants (such as wind, wind, wind, wind, wind, etc.), but also influencing climatic factors (precipitation, temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration) and soil factors. Affect the plant. The influence of the wind also does not affect the impact of agriculture in many other fields, such as construction, navigation, and warfare. In the daily life, wind speed and direction are often measured. Wind speed measurements are usually made using a wind speed recorder. Wind anemometer to operate. Here's a look at the effects of wind on plants:

1. Wind affects plant growth, physiological activity and morphology

Strong wind can reduce the amount of plant growth. Experiments have shown that the growth of tree height is less than 1/2 at a wind speed of 10 m/s compared with 5 m/s and 2/3 less than at the calm wind. The reason for the dwarfing of plants is that wind energy reduces atmospheric humidity and destroys the water balance in the trees, so that mature cells cannot be expanded to normal sizes. As a result, all organ tissues are miniaturized, dwarfed, and drenched (leaflessly leathery, hairy, and stomatal subsidence, etc.). ).

Strong winds can also form deformed crowns. In places where strong winds prevail, the trees often grow into malformations. The trunks of trees are bent in the leeward direction, and the canopy is tilted to the leeward side, forming a so-called “flag-shaped tree”.

The morphological structure of trees adapting to strong winds is often similar to the morphological structure adapted to drought. Strong winds lead to accelerated plant transpiration, water deficits, and formation of xerophilous structures with thick bark, small, hard leaves, and reduced water transpiration. Trees grown in strong winds, especially in the lee areas, are well-developed.

2. Wind affects plant reproduction

Wind affects the spread of plant pollen, the spread of seeds and fruits. Plants pollinated with the aid of wind power are called wind-borne plants. Some wind-borne flower plants such as hazelnuts, poplars, willows, oysters, etc., have flowers that are open to the first leaves, which are conducive to pollination by wind. Wind-blown flowers are a more primitive type of adaptation.

Some plants use wind to spread seeds and fruits. Seeds and fruits are very light, such as seeds of orchids, heatanaceae, dandow, etc., weighing <0.002mg; or crowned, such as chrysanthemum, willowaceae, willowia; or winged, such as purple葳, 槭, 白, 梓In addition, the famous wind-blown plants in the desert grassland area are spherical in the autumn when the seeds mature, stem base breaks (perennial plants) or roots (annual plants) are blown by the wind, and seeds are scattered everywhere.

3. The destructive power of the wind

The degree of wind-induced mechanical damage to plants (fractured branches, stems, roots, etc.) is mainly determined by wind speed, wind paroxysm, plant species characteristics, and environmental characteristics. Land wind speed >10m/s, the branches are in danger of being broken. The destructive power of paroxysmal winds is particularly strong. Different tree species have different wind resistance. Hard, deep-rooted tree species have strong wind resistance; materials are soft and brittle, have large tree crowns, and are susceptible to disease and rot. Roots of shallow tree species have weak wind resistance, such as poplar and eucalyptus trees, and spruce is susceptible to wind fall. The wind resistance of tree species also depends on the characteristics of the environment. Usually tropical, subtropical forest tree species have developed roots, and vines can withstand typhoons. Coniferous forest species growing in cold areas, shallow roots, long trunks, and the canopy concentrated in the upper part of trees, have weak wind resistance. Wind damage is also closely related to the terrain. Some terrain will increase wind speed. Sites and sites of terrain that are prone to wind damage such as ridges, slopes on hills, shoulders, ridges in major ridges, canyons, wind tunnels in forests, and forest margins.

From the above, it can be seen that the wind is powerful to plants but when the wind reaches a certain level, it will be destroyed. Therefore, wind speed recorders and wind anemometers are often used to measure the wind direction and wind speed to understand the changes of the wind speed. In this way, take appropriate measures.