Cao Guangming, Zhao Shuqin, Wang Kewen (Wuchang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Heilongjiang Province)
Shi Qingmin (Agricultural Development Office, A City, Heilongjiang Province)
Songjing No. 9 is a high-quality super rice variety developed by the Wuchang Rice Research Institute under the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It was bred using the pedigree method and officially recognized by the Heilongjiang Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in January 2005. After extensive trials and promotion, this variety has shown excellent performance in terms of yield, quality, stress resistance, and adaptability. It has become one of the leading super rice varieties in cold regions, with an impressive output level that meets the standards of early-maturing super rice. By 2005, it had been promoted across more than 67,000 hectares.
1. Characteristics
1.1 Yield Performance
In 2001, Songjing No. 9 participated in the preliminary trial for the first accumulated temperature zone in Heilongjiang. The average yield reached 7,135 kg/ha, which was 14.84% higher than the control variety, Rattan Line 138. From 2002 to 2003, it underwent regional trials, achieving an average yield of 7,966 kg/ha—3.42% higher than the control. In 2004, during the production test, it recorded an average yield of 8,135 kg/ha, representing a 6.44% increase over the control. In 2004 and 2005, the national super rice expert group conducted field surveys according to the national super rice identification standards. In September 2004, on a 8-hectare plot in Jilin City’s 5704 Farm, the average yield was 10,520 kg/ha. In September 2005, on a 6.7-hectare plot in Pingyang Town, Tailai County, Heilongjiang Province, the average yield was 11,030 kg/ha.
1.2 Major Agronomic Traits
Songjing No. 9 has a growth period of approximately 138 days, requiring an accumulated temperature of 2,650°C. It features a compact plant type, dark green leaves, strong lodging resistance, and vigorous tillering. The plant height is about 100 cm, with an ear length of 20 cm and around 120 grains per panicle. The thousand-grain weight is approximately 25 grams. The rice is slender, with low chalkiness, making it highly desirable for both processing and consumption.
1.3 Quality
According to quality analysis conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture Grain and Product Quality Supervision, Inspection and Test Center (Harbin) in 2002, 2003, and 2004, the following results were obtained: brown rice rate of 83.8%, polished rice rate of 75.4%, whole polished rice rate of 72.7%, grain length of 5.3 mm, grain width of 2.7 mm, aspect ratio of 2.0, chalky size of 7.3%, chalky rice rate of 3.8%, chalkiness of 0.3%, amylose content of 19.1%, gel consistency of 73.9 mm, alkali elimination value of 7.0, crude protein of 8.0%, and a taste score of 83. All these indicators meet or exceed the national second-grade standards. The rice is soft, slightly sticky, shiny, and has good palatability and processing quality. It is now widely used by rice processing enterprises and farmers in southern Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces.
1.4 Resistance
The resistance to rice blast was evaluated by the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Rice Research Institute in 2003 and 2004. Artificial inoculation tests showed that the variety exhibited resistance levels from grade 1–5 seedlings to grade 3–3 spikes and stems, significantly outperforming the control. Cold tolerance was also tested at the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Coldland Rice Center, and the results showed that Songjing No. 9 had better cold tolerance compared to the control variety.
1.5 Adaptability
Songjing No. 9 demonstrates high yield potential, strong stability, good fertilizer utilization, and strong lodging resistance. Its wide ecological adaptability makes it suitable for the first accumulated temperature zone in southern Heilongjiang and most areas of Jilin Province. This variety has proven to be a reliable choice for farmers looking for high-yielding and resilient rice options in cold climate conditions.
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