How many steps does a car that is allowed to enter the 4S shop go from the design manuscript to the final release? How many processes do we have to go through in the birth of a car, and how can we increase our awareness of the car from this process? Today we come to understand! 1. Concept design of car Overall layout The overall layout design is an overall design before the birth of a new car, including the most basic of the car, such as the layout of the cabin cab, the layout of the powertrain, the layout of the chassis suspension, and the overall layout of the other major vehicles. All in all, it is only after establishing the structural framework that specific exterior interior design and model construction can be carried out on this basis. Design Initially there will be only a simple design of the car that may be outlined by only a few strokes, highlighting the charm of the vehicle. After confirming the car size parameters in the overall layout, confirm with the designer's hand-drawn sketches which style the new car will be made available. Model making After the drafting of the design sketches, a variety of drawing software was used to create a three-dimensional computer data model. After reviewing various factors such as aesthetics, technology, and structure, the final 1:1 sludge model was confirmed. 2, automotive engineering design This phase is actually a digital model construction phase. After completing the modeling design, it began to enter the engineering design stage. The engineering design is a process of detailed design of the entire vehicle. Each of the total components is sent to the relevant departments for design and development. The engineering design phase mainly includes the following aspects: general layout design, body shape data, engine engineering design, white-body engineering design, chassis engineering design, interior and exterior decoration engineering design, and electrical engineering design. The automobile engineering design part is precisely based on the concept design, and the precise data parameter setting includes: engine compartment, chassis, interior decoration, exterior decoration, and automotive electrical layout drawings and detailed parameter settings, taking into account the non-professionals Do not understand the situation, do not elaborate too much here. All in all, from the completion of the automotive engineering design steps, the entire vehicle has been refined from the interior design, component parameters, and all kinds of electrical installations, and pre-production sample models have been manufactured according to standards. 3, prototype test Whether it is a self-designed or reverse-produced product, the car must be tested through a prototype. Otherwise, once a design problem or defect affects not only the production line, it also brings potential safety hazards in sales and use. The prototype test includes two aspects: performance test and reliability test. The performance test is mainly for some functional tests to see whether it meets the design requirements; reliability test, mainly to verify the strength and durability of the car. The test forms of automobiles mainly include wind tunnel tests, test field tests, road tests, and crash tests. Wind Tunnel Test Initial tests have been carried out at the sludge model stage, which involves the science of aerodynamics; further tests will be performed after the sample has been made. Proving ground test Many auto companies have their own test sites. Different sections of the test site simulate different road conditions, including sand and gravel roads, rainwater roads, seesaw roads, and climbing roads. Road test The most important part of the prototype test is to test the driving performance and reliability of the vehicle under various regional environments, various road conditions, and different climatic conditions. Crash test The collision test mainly tests the structural strength of the car, mainly using the human body model, and inspects the impact of the collision on the human model through various sensors, and strengthens the design in a targeted manner. 4, start the car production Before entering the mass production segment, the start-up of production needs to establish a production process chain, a variety of production equipment in place, production line laying and so on. The start-up phase of production will take about half a year. During this period, the stamping, welding, painting and final assembly lines shall be repeatedly improved. Under the conditions of ensuring the production process and prototype performance, small batch production shall be started to further verify the reliability of the product. Sex. In order to ensure that there are no major problems in the production of small batches of products for three months, mass production will be officially started. 5, vehicle production process If the above sections are all preparatory stages, then most people understand that car manufacturing is a complete vehicle production process. The entire vehicle production process includes stamping, welding, painting and final assembly. stamping Pressing is to press the parts according to the design requirements, using the mold for stamping molding, in simple terms is the use of press the steel plate into the car shell and other parts of the process, stamping is a very important step in automobile manufacturing, the quality of the mold directly determines the workpiece the quality of. Do not think that only vehicle doors, fenders, machine covers and other vehicle shells are stamped parts, and crash beams, bumpers, etc. are stamped. Welding equipment After the stamping parts are completed in a block, the welding shop is welded and the stamping parts are spliced ​​together by heating or local heating to form a complete car shell. At the same time, other parts of the car body that need to be spliced ​​on the shell are stamped and welded. The quality of the welding process directly affects the safety of the vehicle structure. The so-called laser welding we are pursuing is far better than the manual welding. Of course, at present, whether the joint venture brand or the independent brand, the automation rate in the welding equipment has already been Very high, traditional manual welding has gradually been eliminated. Painting After the welding equipment is molded, it is necessary to enter the painting shop for painting. A simple understanding is that the vehicle shell is painted, the painting process is complicated, and the technical requirements are relatively high. There are mainly the following processes: pre-painting and pre-painting, painting process, drying process, etc. The entire process requires a large number of chemical reagents and fine control of process parameters. The requirements for paint and various processing equipment are very high. From the self-owned brand cars ten years ago, it can be seen that the biggest shortcoming lies in the imperfection of welding and painting technology, which results in poor texture of the entire vehicle, because the coating process is generally absolutely confidential as the core process of the company. To a certain extent, it can also reflect the manufacturing strength of a car brand. Final assembly The assembly section is relatively easy to understand. Simply put, the painted body is equipped with parts such as engine, transmission, instrument panel, lights, and seats. The assembly process is also a very important part, which can directly affect the overall performance of the vehicle. The abnormal noise and uneven patchwork of the cheap vehicles are all caused by the poor assembly process. The general assembly workshop mainly has four modules, namely Front enclosure assembly module, dashboard assembly module, lamp assembly module, chassis assembly module. After the assembly of various modules and the installation of various parts, the entire vehicle can be off-line after being examined and adjusted by wheel alignment, vehicle vision field inspection and other tests.
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